There are different treatment approaches that a pet owner should be aware of that a veterinarian might follow. Such approaches includes a combination of cartilage support, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, pain relievers, specialised products, and anti-inflammatory supplements.

Cartilage Support Supplements
This is often the initial step in joint support, aiming to rebuild damaged cartilage and muscle mass. These products requires weeks to build up in the body to a point where there are detectable results (4-6 weeks). They are considered slow acting and their affects are mild. These supplements usually have two important ingredients: Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulphate (supports and protects cartilage). Examples of such supplements are: GCS joint care, Nutriflex, Mobiflex. Some of these ingredients can also be found in prescription diets for joints, i.e. Hills J/D, Royal Canin Mobility and Ultradog Joint care.

Fast-acting prescription anti-inflammatories (non-steroidal anti-inflammatories)
These medications suppresses pain and inflammation in joints and muscles. They work very quickly to relieve pain. There are different categories and some work differently from others, but your vet will prescribe the best option for your pet in regards to the severity of their arthritis. Examples are Petcam, Rimadyl, Previcox, Galliprant, to name a few. These medications can have side effects with long term use, so it is very important that your pet goes for 6 monthly check-ups with your vet.

Specialised products

• Librella/Solensia: These products work against the “nerve growth factor”, which is involved in the development of chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis. Injections are administered monthly by your vet and up to 77% of patients will show improvement within the first 2 weeks of treatment.
• Pentosan: This medication works by protecting cartilage from breaking down and helps cartilage to retain its strength and shock absorption ability. It is an injection that is administered by your vet monthly, it does however have an initial loading dose period of weekly injections for 4 weeks, then monthly. This medication can also decrease inflammation which also helps with joint pain.

Straight pain relief medications
These do not help with the disease itself but rather treat the pain that is caused by the arthritis.They are usually combined with anti-inflammatories and supplements. An example of these medications are Gabapentin and Paracetamol. Gabapentin specifically targets neurological/spinal pain and alters how pain is transmitted. It also has anti-anxiety effects.

Anti-inflammatory supplements
There are several natural extracts and herbal products with anti-inflammatory properties. Some are fast acting while most must build up in the body for several weeks. A few examples are:

• Green-lipid mussel extract: Mild pain relief, but takes several weeks to take effect.
  Omega 3 fatty acids: Anti-inflammatory properties. It however requires at least one month to build up for results.
• Cannabinoids: Although controversial, it has some anti-inflammatory properties, however it mainly decreases the perception of pain and do not actually treat the pain itself.

The proper medication is an important part of treating Osteoarthritis, weight control and proper exercise should not be forgotten. Physical therapy is crucial to maintain as much muscle mass as possible to support abnormal joints. Physical therapy for animals can be very beneficial as supportive treatment for their osteoarthritis, especially hydrotherapy. Treatment for osteoarthritis will usually involve a combination of medications as well as physical therapy. Remember to always check with your veterinarian before attempting a treatment plan for your pet on your own.